TY - JOUR
T1 - What lifestyle factors predict depressive symptoms? A longitudinal assessment among permanent supportive housing residents
AU - Holmes, Esther J.
AU - Aryal, Subhash
AU - Walters, Scott T.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (funded by a Medicaid 1115 Waiver: DSRIP 138980111.2.6). CMS had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Aims: The first aim was to determine if four lifestyle behaviors (i.e., vegetable/fruit intake, physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol use) predicted depressive symptoms among permanent supportive housing (PSH) residents. The second aim was to determine if the effect of lifestyle factors on depressive symptoms depended on the participants’ level of social support. Subject and methods: Participants were 420 adults enrolled in a technology-assisted health coaching program for PSH residents with symptoms of a mental health condition. A longitudinal analysis was conducted utilizing the screening/baseline, six-month, and twelve-month visit timepoints. The four lifestyle behaviors were included as predictors, and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] scores) was the outcome variable. Potential confounding variables included social support and satisfaction with leisure activities. Additional covariates included age, sex, race, and visit timepoint. Social support was also evaluated as a potential effect modifier. Results: In the adjusted analysis, moderate alcohol consumption predicted lower depressive symptoms compared with heavy alcohol consumption (b = −1.54, p =.01). However, the difference in depressive symptoms between non-consumption and heavy consumption of alcohol was not statistically significant (b = −0.76, p =.07). Vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, and tobacco use were not statistically significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Social support was not a statistically significant effect modifier. Conclusion: Moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of having depressive symptoms among PSH residents. Interventions among PSH residents should consider approaches to reduce heavy alcohol consumption to moderate alcohol consumption to lower depressive symptoms in this population.
AB - Aims: The first aim was to determine if four lifestyle behaviors (i.e., vegetable/fruit intake, physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol use) predicted depressive symptoms among permanent supportive housing (PSH) residents. The second aim was to determine if the effect of lifestyle factors on depressive symptoms depended on the participants’ level of social support. Subject and methods: Participants were 420 adults enrolled in a technology-assisted health coaching program for PSH residents with symptoms of a mental health condition. A longitudinal analysis was conducted utilizing the screening/baseline, six-month, and twelve-month visit timepoints. The four lifestyle behaviors were included as predictors, and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] scores) was the outcome variable. Potential confounding variables included social support and satisfaction with leisure activities. Additional covariates included age, sex, race, and visit timepoint. Social support was also evaluated as a potential effect modifier. Results: In the adjusted analysis, moderate alcohol consumption predicted lower depressive symptoms compared with heavy alcohol consumption (b = −1.54, p =.01). However, the difference in depressive symptoms between non-consumption and heavy consumption of alcohol was not statistically significant (b = −0.76, p =.07). Vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, and tobacco use were not statistically significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Social support was not a statistically significant effect modifier. Conclusion: Moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of having depressive symptoms among PSH residents. Interventions among PSH residents should consider approaches to reduce heavy alcohol consumption to moderate alcohol consumption to lower depressive symptoms in this population.
KW - Alcohol consumption
KW - Depressive symptoms
KW - Leisure activities
KW - Lifestyle
KW - Social support
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107264688&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10389-021-01555-5
DO - 10.1007/s10389-021-01555-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107264688
SN - 2198-1833
JO - Journal of Public Health (Germany)
JF - Journal of Public Health (Germany)
ER -