@article{ac9adf1c153f44c6b267780ae00e0f23,
title = "Ulnar-sided perilunate instability: An anatomic and biomechanic study",
abstract = "A staging system for ulnar-sided perilunate instability is presented based on a series of cadaver dissections and load studies. Stage I: partial or complete disruption of the lunotriquetral interosseous ligament, without clinical and/or radiographic evidence of dynamic or static volar intercalated segment instability deformity; stage II: complete disruption of the lunotriquetral interosseous ligament and disruption of the palmar lunotriquetral ligament, with clinical and/or radiographic evidence of dynamic volar intercalated segment instability deformity; and stage III: complete disruption of the lunotriquetral interosseous and the palmar lunotriquetral ligaments, attenuation or disruption of the dorsal radiocarpal ligament, with clinical and/or radiographic evidence of static volar intercalated segment instability deformity.",
author = "Viegas, {Steven F.} and Patterson, {Rita M.} and Peterson, {Pamela D.} and Pogue, {David J.} and Jenkins, {David K.} and Sweo, {Timothy D.} and Hokanson, {James A.}",
note = "Funding Information: From the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the Division of Bio-statistics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas. Supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases No 5 R29 AR 38640-02. Presented in part at the Symposium on the Wrist: Difficult Problems and Current Solutions, Paris, France. April 7, 1989. Received for publication Jan. 9, 1989; accepted in revised form May 5, 1989. No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. Reprint requests: Steven F. Viegas, MD, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McCullough Bldg., Room 6.136 (G-921, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 7755 I. 3/l/14250 Copyright: Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "1990",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1016/0363-5023(90)90107-3",
language = "English",
volume = "15",
pages = "268--278",
journal = "Journal of Hand Surgery",
issn = "0363-5023",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "2",
}