The structural basis of an NADP+-independent dithiol oxidase in FK228 biosynthesis

Jie Li, Cheng Wang, Zhi Min Zhang, Yi Qiang Cheng, Jiahai Zhou

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11 Scopus citations

Abstract

The disulfide bond is unusual in natural products and critical for thermal stability, cell permeability and bioactivity. DepH from Chromobacterium violaceum No. 968 is an FAD-dependent enzyme responsible for catalyzing the disulfide bond formation of FK228, an anticancer prodrug approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Here we report the crystal structures of DepH and DepH complexed with a substrate analogue S,S'-dimethyl FK228 at 1.82 Å and 2.00 Å, respectively. Structural and biochemical analyses revealed that DepH, in contrast to the well characterized low molecular weight thioredoxin reductases (LMW TrxRs), is an NADP+-independent dithiol oxidase. DepH not only lacks a conserved GGGDXAXE motif necessary for NADP+ binding in the canonical LMW TrxRs, but also contains a 11-residue sequence which physically impedes the binding of NADP+. These observations explain the difference between NADP+-independent small molecule dithiol oxidases and NADP+-dependent thioredoxin reductases and provide insights for understanding the catalytic mechanism of dithiol oxidases involved in natural product biosynthesis.

Original languageEnglish
Article number4145
JournalScientific Reports
Volume4
DOIs
StatePublished - 20 Feb 2014

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