TY - JOUR
T1 - The Evaluation of Serum Biomarkers for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Diagnosis
AU - Fang, Rui
AU - Zhu, Yong
AU - Khadka, Vedbar S.
AU - Zhang, Fan
AU - Jiang, Bin
AU - Deng, Youping
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the efforts of Mark Menor for his helpful review and revision. Funding. This project was supported by the NIH grants (1R21CA164764 and 1R01CA223490), Bears Care Foundation and Hawaii Community Foundation to YD. This work was also supported by the NIH Grants 5P30GM114737, P20GM103466, U54MD007584, and 2U54MD007601.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2018 Fang, Zhu, Khadka, Zhang, Jiang and Deng.
PY - 2018/11/29
Y1 - 2018/11/29
N2 - Introduction: Lung cancer ranks top in the cause of cancer death globally. The identification of effective biomarkers is essential for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. Methods: The expression levels of prolactin (PRL), CEA, and CYFR21 in serum were assayed by ELISA. The blood samples were attained from 44 NSCLC cases and 44 healthy controls. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and create diagnostic mathematical models. Results: Serum PRL, CEA, and CYFR21 levels were significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than the healthy controls (all P-values <0.001). According to the model to predict NSCLC patients from the healthy controls, a combination of PRL, CEA, and CYFR21 biomarkers was more effective than individual biomarker alone, with AUC = 0.960 (95% CI: 0.921–0.999), sensitivity = 0.909, specificity = 0.955, positive predicted value = 0.952, and negative predicted value = 0.913. Conclusion: Prolactin can be used as a potential serum biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC. A panel of PRL, CEA, and CYFRA21 was found as promising serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.
AB - Introduction: Lung cancer ranks top in the cause of cancer death globally. The identification of effective biomarkers is essential for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. Methods: The expression levels of prolactin (PRL), CEA, and CYFR21 in serum were assayed by ELISA. The blood samples were attained from 44 NSCLC cases and 44 healthy controls. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and create diagnostic mathematical models. Results: Serum PRL, CEA, and CYFR21 levels were significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than the healthy controls (all P-values <0.001). According to the model to predict NSCLC patients from the healthy controls, a combination of PRL, CEA, and CYFR21 biomarkers was more effective than individual biomarker alone, with AUC = 0.960 (95% CI: 0.921–0.999), sensitivity = 0.909, specificity = 0.955, positive predicted value = 0.952, and negative predicted value = 0.913. Conclusion: Prolactin can be used as a potential serum biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC. A panel of PRL, CEA, and CYFRA21 was found as promising serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.
KW - NSCLC
KW - biomarkers
KW - diagnosis
KW - lung cancer
KW - serum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088862423&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fphys.2018.01710
DO - 10.3389/fphys.2018.01710
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85088862423
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Physiology
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
M1 - 1710
ER -