Role of angiotensin II in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension and cognitive decline

Alexandria B. Marciante; Brent Shell; George E. Farmer; J. Thomas Cunningham

doi:10.1152/AJPREGU.00222.2020

Role of angiotensin II in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension and cognitive decline

Alexandria B. Marciante, Brent Shell, George E. Farmer, J. Thomas Cunningham

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Sleep apnea is characterized by momentary interruptions in normal respiration and leads to periods of decreased oxygen, or intermittent hypoxia. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a model of the hypoxemia associated with sleep apnea and results in a sustained hypertension that is maintained during normoxia. Adaptations of the carotid body and activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the development of hypertension associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia. The subsequent activation of the brain renin-angiotensin system may produce changes in sympathetic regulatory neural networks that support the maintenance of the hypertension associated with intermittent hypoxia. Hypertension and sleep apnea not only increase risk for cardiovascular disease but are also risk factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of the angiotensin system could be a common mechanism that links these disorders.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	R519-R525
Journal	American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology
Volume	320
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1152/AJPREGU.00222.2020
State	Published - Apr 2021

Keywords

Angiotensin II
GABA
Hypertension
SA
SNA
Sleep apnea
Sympathetic nerve activity

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10.1152/AJPREGU.00222.2020

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title = "Role of angiotensin II in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension and cognitive decline",

abstract = "Sleep apnea is characterized by momentary interruptions in normal respiration and leads to periods of decreased oxygen, or intermittent hypoxia. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a model of the hypoxemia associated with sleep apnea and results in a sustained hypertension that is maintained during normoxia. Adaptations of the carotid body and activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the development of hypertension associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia. The subsequent activation of the brain renin-angiotensin system may produce changes in sympathetic regulatory neural networks that support the maintenance of the hypertension associated with intermittent hypoxia. Hypertension and sleep apnea not only increase risk for cardiovascular disease but are also risk factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of the angiotensin system could be a common mechanism that links these disorders.",

keywords = "Angiotensin II, GABA, Hypertension, SA, SNA, Sleep apnea, Sympathetic nerve activity",

author = "Marciante, {Alexandria B.} and Brent Shell and Farmer, {George E.} and Cunningham, {J. Thomas}",

note = "Funding Information: This mini-review was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grants P01 HL088052 (to J. T. Cunningham, G. E. Farmer, B. Shell, and A. B. Marciante) and R01 HL142341 (to J. T. Cunningham and G. E. Farmer) and National Institute on Aging Grant T32 AG020494 (to A. B. Marciante). Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021 the American Physiological Society",

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AU - Marciante, Alexandria B.

AU - Shell, Brent

AU - Farmer, George E.

AU - Cunningham, J. Thomas

N1 - Funding Information: This mini-review was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grants P01 HL088052 (to J. T. Cunningham, G. E. Farmer, B. Shell, and A. B. Marciante) and R01 HL142341 (to J. T. Cunningham and G. E. Farmer) and National Institute on Aging Grant T32 AG020494 (to A. B. Marciante). Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2021 the American Physiological Society

PY - 2021/4

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N2 - Sleep apnea is characterized by momentary interruptions in normal respiration and leads to periods of decreased oxygen, or intermittent hypoxia. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a model of the hypoxemia associated with sleep apnea and results in a sustained hypertension that is maintained during normoxia. Adaptations of the carotid body and activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the development of hypertension associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia. The subsequent activation of the brain renin-angiotensin system may produce changes in sympathetic regulatory neural networks that support the maintenance of the hypertension associated with intermittent hypoxia. Hypertension and sleep apnea not only increase risk for cardiovascular disease but are also risk factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of the angiotensin system could be a common mechanism that links these disorders.

AB - Sleep apnea is characterized by momentary interruptions in normal respiration and leads to periods of decreased oxygen, or intermittent hypoxia. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is a model of the hypoxemia associated with sleep apnea and results in a sustained hypertension that is maintained during normoxia. Adaptations of the carotid body and activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the development of hypertension associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia. The subsequent activation of the brain renin-angiotensin system may produce changes in sympathetic regulatory neural networks that support the maintenance of the hypertension associated with intermittent hypoxia. Hypertension and sleep apnea not only increase risk for cardiovascular disease but are also risk factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of the angiotensin system could be a common mechanism that links these disorders.

KW - Angiotensin II

KW - GABA

KW - Hypertension

KW - SA

KW - SNA

KW - Sleep apnea

KW - Sympathetic nerve activity

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Role of angiotensin II in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension and cognitive decline

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