TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors for esophageal cancer, with an emphasis on the role of specificity protein transcription factors in prognosis and therapy
AU - Siraj, Sohail
AU - Kurri, Ananya
AU - Patel, Krishna
AU - Hamby, Nuri
AU - Basha, Riyaz
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by Begell House, Inc.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors regulate the expression of genes associated with several cellular processes and play a critical role in early development. Typically, Sp protein expression decreases with age in healthy adults. Research has shown that Sp proteins can impact the development and transformation of cancer cells and other oncogenic processes, including survival, proliferation, spread, and metastasis. Among the Sp proteins, Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 have been the main targets of study as they are shown to be highly expressed in cancer cells compared to healthy cells. Increased levels of Sp1 are correlated with poor prognosis in some malignancies, including gastrointestinal cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of Sp transcription factors and examine their activities as pro-oncogenic factors in esophageal cancer (EC). Other aspects presented in this review are potential therapeutic options for EC that target Sp1. We summarize the published information on preclinical results using mithramycin and tolfenamic acid.
AB - Specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors regulate the expression of genes associated with several cellular processes and play a critical role in early development. Typically, Sp protein expression decreases with age in healthy adults. Research has shown that Sp proteins can impact the development and transformation of cancer cells and other oncogenic processes, including survival, proliferation, spread, and metastasis. Among the Sp proteins, Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 have been the main targets of study as they are shown to be highly expressed in cancer cells compared to healthy cells. Increased levels of Sp1 are correlated with poor prognosis in some malignancies, including gastrointestinal cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of Sp transcription factors and examine their activities as pro-oncogenic factors in esophageal cancer (EC). Other aspects presented in this review are potential therapeutic options for EC that target Sp1. We summarize the published information on preclinical results using mithramycin and tolfenamic acid.
KW - Esophageal cancer
KW - Risk factors
KW - Specificity protein 1
KW - Transcription factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102156833&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020036449
DO - 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020036449
M3 - Article
C2 - 33639062
AN - SCOPUS:85102156833
SN - 0893-9675
VL - 25
SP - 355
EP - 363
JO - Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
JF - Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
IS - 4
ER -