TY - JOUR
T1 - Retrograde conditioning of place preference and motor activity with cocaine in mice
AU - Shetty, Ritu A.
AU - Rutledge, Margaret A.
AU - Forster, Michael J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Support for this research was provided by contract N01DA-13-8908 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA had no further role in the design, analysis, or publication of this report.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg (outside the USA).
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Rationale: In order to improve understanding of the nature of drug-associated memory, the current studies addressed whether conditioned place preference (CPP) could develop under conditions in which there was a delay between presentation of context and drug exposure (i.e., retrograde or trace conditioning). Objectives: The objective was to assess development of CPP when cocaine or methamphetamine was injected simultaneously with exposure to a salient context (S+), or after delays differing in length. Methods: Dose response curves for conventional CPP were established using separate groups of Swiss-Webster mice injected with cocaine or methamphetamine just prior to S+ exposure. To assess the development of retrograde CPP, other groups received trace conditioning, where cocaine (15 mg/kg) or methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) was injected after a delay of 15, 60, 120, 180, 240, or 480 min following the end of the S+ session. Results: Mice receiving conventional CPP with cocaine or methamphetamine during S+ showed significant place preference. None of the groups receiving delayed methamphetamine showed significant CPP; however, CPP was evident in mice receiving cocaine after delays of up to 4 h following S+. In a separate study, delayed methamphetamine also did not result in significant place preference when presented in doses of 0.25 or 1 mg/kg. Conclusions: These results suggest that psychostimulant drug taking may be broadly generalized to context through retrograde association with events in recent memory, a factor that may contribute to drug-seeking and relapse following abstinence.
AB - Rationale: In order to improve understanding of the nature of drug-associated memory, the current studies addressed whether conditioned place preference (CPP) could develop under conditions in which there was a delay between presentation of context and drug exposure (i.e., retrograde or trace conditioning). Objectives: The objective was to assess development of CPP when cocaine or methamphetamine was injected simultaneously with exposure to a salient context (S+), or after delays differing in length. Methods: Dose response curves for conventional CPP were established using separate groups of Swiss-Webster mice injected with cocaine or methamphetamine just prior to S+ exposure. To assess the development of retrograde CPP, other groups received trace conditioning, where cocaine (15 mg/kg) or methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) was injected after a delay of 15, 60, 120, 180, 240, or 480 min following the end of the S+ session. Results: Mice receiving conventional CPP with cocaine or methamphetamine during S+ showed significant place preference. None of the groups receiving delayed methamphetamine showed significant CPP; however, CPP was evident in mice receiving cocaine after delays of up to 4 h following S+. In a separate study, delayed methamphetamine also did not result in significant place preference when presented in doses of 0.25 or 1 mg/kg. Conclusions: These results suggest that psychostimulant drug taking may be broadly generalized to context through retrograde association with events in recent memory, a factor that may contribute to drug-seeking and relapse following abstinence.
KW - Cocaine
KW - Conditioned place preference
KW - Memory
KW - Methamphetamine
KW - Pavlovian conditioning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84997402674&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00213-016-4482-8
DO - 10.1007/s00213-016-4482-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 27888283
AN - SCOPUS:84997402674
SN - 0033-3158
VL - 234
SP - 515
EP - 522
JO - Psychopharmacologia
JF - Psychopharmacologia
IS - 3
ER -