TY - JOUR
T1 - Racial differences in the consequences of childhood maltreatment for adolescent and young adult depression, heavy drinking, and violence
AU - Lee, Chioun
AU - Cronley, Courtney
AU - White, Helene Raskin
AU - Mun, Eun Young
AU - Stouthamer-Loeber, Magda
AU - Loeber, Rolf
N1 - Funding Information:
Preparation of this article was supported, in part, by grants from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (ARRA R01 AA 016798 ; R01 AA 019511 ), the National Institute on Drug Abuse ( R01 DA411018 ), the National Institute of Mental Health ( P30 MH079920 ; R01 MH73941 ; R01 MH 50778 ), the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention ( 96-MU-FX-0012 ; OJJDP 2005-JK-FX-0001 ), the Department of Health of the Commonwealth of the State of Pennsylvania, and a grant from the Centers for Disease Control (administered through OJJDP). Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. The authors thank Kristen McCormick for her help with the data set.
PY - 2012/5
Y1 - 2012/5
N2 - Purpose: This study examined racial differences in the consequences of childhood maltreatment for depression, heavy drinking, and violence during adolescence and young adulthood among black and white young men. Methods: Data were obtained from the Pittsburgh Youth Study, a prospective longitudinal study of urban males (N = 971, 56% black). Childhood maltreatment was defined as substantiated physical or sexual abuse, physical neglect, emotional maltreatment, or moral/legal/educational maltreatment, with the first referral before 12 years of age. Self-reports of depressive symptoms and heavy drinking (consuming more than six drinks on a single occasion) and official, parent, and self-reports of violent offending were assessed between 12 and 17 years of age (adolescence) and at 24/25 years of age (young adulthood). Regression analyses were conducted to examine childhood maltreatment and race, as well as maltreatment-by-race interactions, as predictors of the three outcomes. Results: Prevalence of childhood maltreatment was higher for black than for white boys; however, there were no racial differences in timing, type, severity, and chronicity of maltreatment. When socioeconomic status and cohort were controlled, childhood maltreatment significantly predicted depressive symptoms and violence in adolescence but none of the outcomes in young adulthood. Race was a significant predictor of heavy drinking and violence during adolescence, and of all three outcomes in young adulthood. No significant race-by-maltreatment interaction effects were found. Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment has similar negative consequences for black and white male youth during adolescence. Extending intervention efforts through adolescence is important to alleviate these problems among victims.
AB - Purpose: This study examined racial differences in the consequences of childhood maltreatment for depression, heavy drinking, and violence during adolescence and young adulthood among black and white young men. Methods: Data were obtained from the Pittsburgh Youth Study, a prospective longitudinal study of urban males (N = 971, 56% black). Childhood maltreatment was defined as substantiated physical or sexual abuse, physical neglect, emotional maltreatment, or moral/legal/educational maltreatment, with the first referral before 12 years of age. Self-reports of depressive symptoms and heavy drinking (consuming more than six drinks on a single occasion) and official, parent, and self-reports of violent offending were assessed between 12 and 17 years of age (adolescence) and at 24/25 years of age (young adulthood). Regression analyses were conducted to examine childhood maltreatment and race, as well as maltreatment-by-race interactions, as predictors of the three outcomes. Results: Prevalence of childhood maltreatment was higher for black than for white boys; however, there were no racial differences in timing, type, severity, and chronicity of maltreatment. When socioeconomic status and cohort were controlled, childhood maltreatment significantly predicted depressive symptoms and violence in adolescence but none of the outcomes in young adulthood. Race was a significant predictor of heavy drinking and violence during adolescence, and of all three outcomes in young adulthood. No significant race-by-maltreatment interaction effects were found. Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment has similar negative consequences for black and white male youth during adolescence. Extending intervention efforts through adolescence is important to alleviate these problems among victims.
KW - Child abuse
KW - Childhood maltreatment
KW - Depression
KW - Heavy drinking
KW - Race
KW - Violence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84862781668&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.09.014
DO - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.09.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 22525106
AN - SCOPUS:84862781668
SN - 1054-139X
VL - 50
SP - 443
EP - 449
JO - Journal of Adolescent Health
JF - Journal of Adolescent Health
IS - 5
ER -