TY - JOUR
T1 - Microphysiological Systems
T2 - Design, Fabrication, and Applications
AU - Wang, Kai
AU - Man, Kun
AU - Liu, Jiafeng
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Chen, Qi
AU - Zhou, Yong
AU - Yang, Yong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge funding support for Y.Y. from the National Institute of Health (NIH) (R15GM122953).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/6/8
Y1 - 2020/6/8
N2 - Microphysiological systems, including organoids, 3-D printed tissue constructs, and organ-on-a-chip systems (organ chips), are physiologically relevant in vitro models and have experienced explosive growth in the past decades. Different from conventional, tissue culture, plastic-based in vitro models or animal models, microphysiological systems recapitulate key microenvironmental characteristics of human organs and mimic their primary functions. The advent of microphysiological systems is attributed to evolving biomaterials, micro/nanotechnologies, and stem cell biology, which enable precise control over the matrix properties and the interactions between cells, tissues, and organs in physiological conditions. As such, microphysiological systems have been developed to model a broad spectrum of organs from microvasculature and eyes to lungs and many others to understand human organ development and disease pathology and facilitate drug discovery. Multiorgans-on-a-chip systems have also been developed by integrating multiple associated organ chips in a single platform, which allow study and employment of the organ function from a systematic approach. Here we first discuss the design principles of microphysiological systems with a focus on the anatomy and physiology of organs and, then, review the commonly used fabrication techniques and biomaterials for microphysiological systems. Subsequently, we discuss recent developments in microphysiological systems and provide our perspectives on advancing microphysiological systems for preclinical investigation and drug discovery of human disease.
AB - Microphysiological systems, including organoids, 3-D printed tissue constructs, and organ-on-a-chip systems (organ chips), are physiologically relevant in vitro models and have experienced explosive growth in the past decades. Different from conventional, tissue culture, plastic-based in vitro models or animal models, microphysiological systems recapitulate key microenvironmental characteristics of human organs and mimic their primary functions. The advent of microphysiological systems is attributed to evolving biomaterials, micro/nanotechnologies, and stem cell biology, which enable precise control over the matrix properties and the interactions between cells, tissues, and organs in physiological conditions. As such, microphysiological systems have been developed to model a broad spectrum of organs from microvasculature and eyes to lungs and many others to understand human organ development and disease pathology and facilitate drug discovery. Multiorgans-on-a-chip systems have also been developed by integrating multiple associated organ chips in a single platform, which allow study and employment of the organ function from a systematic approach. Here we first discuss the design principles of microphysiological systems with a focus on the anatomy and physiology of organs and, then, review the commonly used fabrication techniques and biomaterials for microphysiological systems. Subsequently, we discuss recent developments in microphysiological systems and provide our perspectives on advancing microphysiological systems for preclinical investigation and drug discovery of human disease.
KW - anatomy
KW - microenvironment
KW - microphysiological systems
KW - organ chips
KW - organoids, 3-D printing
KW - physiology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088708890&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01667
DO - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01667
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85088708890
SN - 2373-9878
VL - 6
SP - 3231
EP - 3257
JO - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
JF - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
IS - 6
ER -