TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of the microbiome on the immune system
AU - Lambring, Christoffer B.
AU - Siraj, Sohail
AU - Patel, Krishna
AU - Sankpal, Umesh T.
AU - Mathew, Stephen
AU - Basha, Riyaz
N1 - Funding Information:
R.B., S.M., and U.T.S. are supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (P20CA233355-01); R.B. and U.T.S. are also supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (U54 MD006882-06). K.P. and S.S. are supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R25HL125447).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by Begell House, Inc. www.begellhouse.com.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Higher organisms are all born with general immunity as well as with, increasingly, more specific immune systems. All immune mechanisms function with the intent of aiding the body in defense against infection. Internal and external factors alike have varying effects on the immune system, and the immune response is tailored specifically to each one. Accompanying the components of the human innate and adaptive immune systems are the other intermingling systems of the human body. Increasing understanding of the body’s immune interactions with other systems has opened new avenues of study, including that of the microbiome. The microbiome has become a highly active area of research over the last 10 to 20 years since the NIH began funding the Human Microbiome Project (HMP), which was established in 2007. Several publications have focused on the characterization, functions, and complex interplay of the microbiome as it relates to the rest of the body. A dysfunction between the microbiome and the host has been linked to various diseases including cancers, metabolic deficiencies, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Further understanding of the microbiome and its interaction with the host in relation to diseases is needed in order to understand the implications of microbiome dysfunction and the possible use of microbiota in the prevention of disease. In this review, we have summarized information on the immune system, the microbiome, the microbiome’s interplay with other systems, and the association of the immune system and the microbiome in diseases such as diabetes and colorectal cancer.
AB - Higher organisms are all born with general immunity as well as with, increasingly, more specific immune systems. All immune mechanisms function with the intent of aiding the body in defense against infection. Internal and external factors alike have varying effects on the immune system, and the immune response is tailored specifically to each one. Accompanying the components of the human innate and adaptive immune systems are the other intermingling systems of the human body. Increasing understanding of the body’s immune interactions with other systems has opened new avenues of study, including that of the microbiome. The microbiome has become a highly active area of research over the last 10 to 20 years since the NIH began funding the Human Microbiome Project (HMP), which was established in 2007. Several publications have focused on the characterization, functions, and complex interplay of the microbiome as it relates to the rest of the body. A dysfunction between the microbiome and the host has been linked to various diseases including cancers, metabolic deficiencies, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Further understanding of the microbiome and its interaction with the host in relation to diseases is needed in order to understand the implications of microbiome dysfunction and the possible use of microbiota in the prevention of disease. In this review, we have summarized information on the immune system, the microbiome, the microbiome’s interplay with other systems, and the association of the immune system and the microbiome in diseases such as diabetes and colorectal cancer.
KW - Adaptive immunity
KW - Innate immunity
KW - Microbiome
KW - Microbiome interplay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079512715&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2019033233
DO - 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2019033233
M3 - Article
C2 - 32422014
AN - SCOPUS:85079512715
SN - 1040-8401
VL - 39
SP - 313
EP - 328
JO - Critical Reviews in Immunology
JF - Critical Reviews in Immunology
IS - 5
ER -