TY - JOUR
T1 - Hyperglycemia Post-Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Diabetes
AU - Hulsizer, Abigail L.
AU - Witte, Amy P.
AU - Attridge, Rebecca L.
AU - Urteaga, Elizabeth M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2022.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background: There are more than 350 reports of hyperglycemia post-influenza vaccine according to the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System. Only one case report has been published detailing unusual post-vaccination hyperglycemia. The mechanism as to why hyperglycemia may occur post-vaccination has not been fully elucidated. Objective: Primary: To identify hyperglycemia within the first 24 hours of influenza vaccine. Secondary: To identify transient property of hyperglycemia within 4 days after vaccine. Methods: Multicenter prospective cohort study. Recruitment conducted throughout San Antonio, Texas, during 2018-2020 influenza seasons. Patients were included if 18 years or older, had diabetes mellitus, and currently checking their blood glucose daily. Patients excluded if they had a recent medication change that would effect their blood glucose readings. Patients had hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose measured prior to vaccination with a single dose (0.5 mL) of the tri-valent influenza vaccine intramuscularly. Glucose readings were collected within 24 hours post-vaccination and subsequent mornings for 4 days. Results: A total of 34 patients were included. Average patient age was 75 years with 60% white, 30% black, and 10% Hispanic. Median fasting glucose pre-vaccination was significantly lower than the median value 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination (140 vs 203 mg/dL, P < 0.0001). Conclusion and Relevance: Hyperglycemia was noted 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination and was transient in nature with a return to baseline by post-vaccination day 2. This trial was conducted to close a potential gap in counseling regarding the flu vaccine and decrease any potential concern surrounding the vaccine in patients with diabetes that could lead to reduced vaccination rates.
AB - Background: There are more than 350 reports of hyperglycemia post-influenza vaccine according to the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System. Only one case report has been published detailing unusual post-vaccination hyperglycemia. The mechanism as to why hyperglycemia may occur post-vaccination has not been fully elucidated. Objective: Primary: To identify hyperglycemia within the first 24 hours of influenza vaccine. Secondary: To identify transient property of hyperglycemia within 4 days after vaccine. Methods: Multicenter prospective cohort study. Recruitment conducted throughout San Antonio, Texas, during 2018-2020 influenza seasons. Patients were included if 18 years or older, had diabetes mellitus, and currently checking their blood glucose daily. Patients excluded if they had a recent medication change that would effect their blood glucose readings. Patients had hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose measured prior to vaccination with a single dose (0.5 mL) of the tri-valent influenza vaccine intramuscularly. Glucose readings were collected within 24 hours post-vaccination and subsequent mornings for 4 days. Results: A total of 34 patients were included. Average patient age was 75 years with 60% white, 30% black, and 10% Hispanic. Median fasting glucose pre-vaccination was significantly lower than the median value 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination (140 vs 203 mg/dL, P < 0.0001). Conclusion and Relevance: Hyperglycemia was noted 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination and was transient in nature with a return to baseline by post-vaccination day 2. This trial was conducted to close a potential gap in counseling regarding the flu vaccine and decrease any potential concern surrounding the vaccine in patients with diabetes that could lead to reduced vaccination rates.
KW - blood glucose
KW - hyperglycemia
KW - influenza vaccination
KW - pharmacotherapy
KW - vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131531168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/10600280221098101
DO - 10.1177/10600280221098101
M3 - Article
C2 - 35652701
AN - SCOPUS:85131531168
SN - 1060-0280
JO - Annals of Pharmacotherapy
JF - Annals of Pharmacotherapy
ER -