TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure to stimulatory CpG oligonucleotides during gestation induces maternal hypertension and excess vasoconstriction in pregnant rats
AU - Goulopoulou, Styliani
AU - Wenceslau, Camilla F.
AU - McCarthy, Cameron G.
AU - Matsumoto, Takayuki
AU - Webb, R. Clinton
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by American Heart Association (AHA) Grants 13SDG17050056, 13PRE14080019, and 15GNT25700451, the Society of Women’s Health Research, and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)-Brazil.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 the American Physiological Society.
PY - 2016/4
Y1 - 2016/4
N2 - Bacterial infections increase risk for pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and preterm birth. Unmethylated CpG DNA sequences are present in bacterial DNA and have immunostimulatory effects. Maternal exposure to CpG DNA induces fetal demise and craniofacial malformations; however, the effects of CpG DNA on maternal cardiovascular health have not been examined. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to synthetic CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs) during gestation would increase blood pressure and cause vascular dysfunction in pregnant rats. Pregnant and nonpregnant female rats were treated with CpG ODN (ODN 2395) or saline (Veh) starting on gestational day 14 or corresponding day for the nonpregnant groups. Exposure to CpG ODN increased systolic blood pressure in pregnant (Veh: 121 ± 2 mmHg vs. ODN 2395: 134 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.05) but not in nonpregnant rats (Veh: 111 ± 2 mmHg vs. ODN 2395: 108 ± 5 mmHg, P > 0.05). Mesenteric resistance arteries from pregnant CpG ODN-treated rats had increased contractile responses to U46619 [thromboxane A2 (TxA2) mimetic] compared with arteries from vehicle-treated rats [Emax (%KCl), Veh: 87 ± 4 vs. ODN 2395: 104 ± 4, P < 0.05]. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition increased contractile responses to U46619, and CpG ODN treatment abolished this effect in arteries from pregnant ODN 2395-treated rats. CpG ODN potentiated the involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX) to U46619-induced contractions. In conclusion, exposure to CpG ODN during gestation induces maternal hypertension, augments resistance artery contraction, increases the involvement of COX-dependent mechanisms and reduces the contribution of NOS-dependent mechanisms to TxA2-induced contractions in mesenteric resistance arteries.
AB - Bacterial infections increase risk for pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and preterm birth. Unmethylated CpG DNA sequences are present in bacterial DNA and have immunostimulatory effects. Maternal exposure to CpG DNA induces fetal demise and craniofacial malformations; however, the effects of CpG DNA on maternal cardiovascular health have not been examined. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to synthetic CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs) during gestation would increase blood pressure and cause vascular dysfunction in pregnant rats. Pregnant and nonpregnant female rats were treated with CpG ODN (ODN 2395) or saline (Veh) starting on gestational day 14 or corresponding day for the nonpregnant groups. Exposure to CpG ODN increased systolic blood pressure in pregnant (Veh: 121 ± 2 mmHg vs. ODN 2395: 134 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.05) but not in nonpregnant rats (Veh: 111 ± 2 mmHg vs. ODN 2395: 108 ± 5 mmHg, P > 0.05). Mesenteric resistance arteries from pregnant CpG ODN-treated rats had increased contractile responses to U46619 [thromboxane A2 (TxA2) mimetic] compared with arteries from vehicle-treated rats [Emax (%KCl), Veh: 87 ± 4 vs. ODN 2395: 104 ± 4, P < 0.05]. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition increased contractile responses to U46619, and CpG ODN treatment abolished this effect in arteries from pregnant ODN 2395-treated rats. CpG ODN potentiated the involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX) to U46619-induced contractions. In conclusion, exposure to CpG ODN during gestation induces maternal hypertension, augments resistance artery contraction, increases the involvement of COX-dependent mechanisms and reduces the contribution of NOS-dependent mechanisms to TxA2-induced contractions in mesenteric resistance arteries.
KW - Cyclooxygenase
KW - Hypertension
KW - Preeclampsia
KW - Tolllike receptor 9
KW - Vascular function
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84983657326&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00834.2015
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00834.2015
M3 - Article
C2 - 26873968
AN - SCOPUS:84983657326
SN - 0363-6135
VL - 310
SP - H1015-H1025
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
IS - 8
ER -