TY - JOUR
T1 - Colorectal cancer
T2 - An emphasis on factors influencing racial/ethnic disparities
AU - Sharma, Ishna
AU - Kim, Suhhyun
AU - Sridhar, Swathi
AU - Basha, Riyaz
N1 - Funding Information:
SK and RB are supported by the Cancer Prevention and Research Institutes of Texas through Grant No. RP170301. IS acknowledges the support of the institutional Pediatric Research Program.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by Begell House, Inc. www.begellhouse.com.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Current statistics related to cancer incidence and cancer-related death rates clearly show that specific racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to be diagnosed and/or die with cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the United States and it disproportionately affects the non-Hispanic Black or African American (AA) population. When compared to the non-Hispanic White (nHW) population, incidence and death rates in AAs are 28% and 60% higher, respectively. Hispanics have an overall lower CRC incidence rate than nHWs (Hispanics: 35.5 per 100,000 population; nHWs: 40.2 per 100,000 population), but their incidence continues to rise, unlike nHWs, who are experiencing a decline. This disparity between Hispanics and nHWs is further highlighted in the younger Hispanic population. While the cause of the disparities is associated with CRC-related genetic and environmental factors, the role of specific genes/mutations in each population are still not fully unraveled. However, because CRC is a slowly progressing disease, routine screening and/or early intervention are key to achieving better outcomes in CRC patients and ultimately in closing the disparity gap among different populations. This review discusses the major factors influencing the disparities in CRC and also focuses on factors such as treatment response, family history, and screening that potentially contribute to the racial/ethnic disparities in CRC.
AB - Current statistics related to cancer incidence and cancer-related death rates clearly show that specific racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to be diagnosed and/or die with cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the United States and it disproportionately affects the non-Hispanic Black or African American (AA) population. When compared to the non-Hispanic White (nHW) population, incidence and death rates in AAs are 28% and 60% higher, respectively. Hispanics have an overall lower CRC incidence rate than nHWs (Hispanics: 35.5 per 100,000 population; nHWs: 40.2 per 100,000 population), but their incidence continues to rise, unlike nHWs, who are experiencing a decline. This disparity between Hispanics and nHWs is further highlighted in the younger Hispanic population. While the cause of the disparities is associated with CRC-related genetic and environmental factors, the role of specific genes/mutations in each population are still not fully unraveled. However, because CRC is a slowly progressing disease, routine screening and/or early intervention are key to achieving better outcomes in CRC patients and ultimately in closing the disparity gap among different populations. This review discusses the major factors influencing the disparities in CRC and also focuses on factors such as treatment response, family history, and screening that potentially contribute to the racial/ethnic disparities in CRC.
KW - Colorectal cancer
KW - Health disparities
KW - Race and ethnicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092925452&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020035174
DO - 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020035174
M3 - Article
C2 - 33389864
AN - SCOPUS:85092925452
SN - 0893-9675
VL - 25
SP - 151
EP - 160
JO - Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
JF - Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
IS - 2
ER -