Abstract
Several members of the chemokine receptor are used as coreceptors for HIV-1 infection in the central nervous system (CNS). CCR5 and CCR3 are coreceptors together with CD4 for HIV-1 infection of microglia, the major target for HIV-1 infection in the CNS. Microglia express CXCR4, but their infection by HIV-1 viruses that use only CXCR4 as a coreceptor is relatively inefficient. CXCR4 is also expressed in subpopulations of neurons that are resistant to HIV-1 infection. Additional orphan chemokine receptors that can mediate HIV-1 or SIV entry are expressed in the brain or neurally-driven cell lines, but their role in CNS infection has not been defined. The pattern of chemokine receptor expression in the brain is likely to determine the tropism of HIV-1 for particular CNS target cells and to impact inflammatory and degenerative mechanisms associated with CNS infection.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 203-213 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Seminars in Immunology |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 1998 |
Keywords
- Brain
- Chemokine receptor
- Chemokines
- HIV-1
- Microglia