Are effects from a brief multiple behavior intervention for college students sustained over time?

Objective: This study examined whether 3-month outcomes of a brief image-based multiple behavior intervention on health habits and health-related quality of life of college students were sustained at 12-month follow-up without further intervention. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted with 303 undergraduates attending a public university in southeastern US. Participants were randomized to receive either a brief intervention or usual care control, with baseline, 3-month, and 12-month data collected during fall of 2007. Results: A significant omnibus MANOVA interaction effect was found for health-related quality of life, p = 0.01, with univariate interaction effects showing fewer days of poor spiritual health, social health, and restricted recent activity, p's < 0.05, for those receiving the brief intervention. Significant group by time interaction effects were found for driving after drinking, p = 0.04, and moderate exercise, p = 0.04, in favor of the brief intervention. Effect sizes typically increased over time and were small except for moderate size effects for social health-related quality of life. Conclusion: This study found that 3-month outcomes from a brief image-based multiple behavior intervention for college students were partially sustained at 12-month follow-up.