TY - JOUR
T1 - Antiretroviral Adherence Level Necessary for HIV Viral Suppression Using Real-World Data
AU - Byrd, Kathy K.
AU - Hou, John G.
AU - Hazen, Ron
AU - Kirkham, Heather
AU - Suzuki, Sumihiro
AU - Clay, Patrick G.
AU - Bush, Tim
AU - Camp, Nasima M.
AU - Weidle, Paul J.
AU - Delpino, Ambrose
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Secretary's Minority AIDS Initiative fund and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a co-operative agreement [grant number NU65PS004275] with the University of North Texas Health Science Center System College of Pharmacy. Walgreen Co., provided all services in-kind.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Background:A benchmark of near-perfect adherence (≥95%) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is often cited as necessary for HIV viral suppression. However, given newer, more effective ART medications, the threshold for viral suppression may be lower. We estimated the minimum ART adherence level necessary to achieve viral suppression.Settings:The Patient-centered HIV Care Model demonstration project.Methods:Adherence to ART was calculated using the proportion of days covered measure for the 365-day period before each viral load test result, and grouped into 5 categories (<50%, 50% to <80%, 80% to <85%, 85% to <90%, and ≥90%). Binomial regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with viral suppression (HIV RNA <200 copies/mL); demographics, proportion of days covered category, and ART regimen type were explanatory variables. Generalized estimating equations with an exchangeable working correlation matrix accounted for correlation within subjects. In addition, probit regression models were used to estimate adherence levels required to achieve viral suppression in 90% of HIV viral load tests.Results:The adjusted odds of viral suppression did not differ between persons with an adherence level of 80% to <85% or 85% to <90% and those with an adherence level of ≥90%. In addition, the overall estimated adherence level necessary to achieve viral suppression in 90% of viral load tests was 82% and varied by regimen type; integrase inhibitor- and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens achieved 90% viral suppression with adherence levels of 75% and 78%, respectively.Conclusions:The ART adherence level necessary to reach HIV viral suppression may be lower than previously thought and may be regimen-dependent.
AB - Background:A benchmark of near-perfect adherence (≥95%) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is often cited as necessary for HIV viral suppression. However, given newer, more effective ART medications, the threshold for viral suppression may be lower. We estimated the minimum ART adherence level necessary to achieve viral suppression.Settings:The Patient-centered HIV Care Model demonstration project.Methods:Adherence to ART was calculated using the proportion of days covered measure for the 365-day period before each viral load test result, and grouped into 5 categories (<50%, 50% to <80%, 80% to <85%, 85% to <90%, and ≥90%). Binomial regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with viral suppression (HIV RNA <200 copies/mL); demographics, proportion of days covered category, and ART regimen type were explanatory variables. Generalized estimating equations with an exchangeable working correlation matrix accounted for correlation within subjects. In addition, probit regression models were used to estimate adherence levels required to achieve viral suppression in 90% of HIV viral load tests.Results:The adjusted odds of viral suppression did not differ between persons with an adherence level of 80% to <85% or 85% to <90% and those with an adherence level of ≥90%. In addition, the overall estimated adherence level necessary to achieve viral suppression in 90% of viral load tests was 82% and varied by regimen type; integrase inhibitor- and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens achieved 90% viral suppression with adherence levels of 75% and 78%, respectively.Conclusions:The ART adherence level necessary to reach HIV viral suppression may be lower than previously thought and may be regimen-dependent.
KW - HIV
KW - antiretroviral therapy
KW - medication adherence
KW - sustained virologic response
KW - viral suppression
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073184240&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002142
DO - 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002142
M3 - Article
C2 - 31343455
AN - SCOPUS:85073184240
SN - 1525-4135
VL - 82
SP - 245
EP - 251
JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
IS - 3
ER -